Kamus Demografi Pelbagai Bahasa, Edisi Kedua, Volum Bahasa Malaysia

Penolak tuntutan : Penaja Demopaedia tidak semestinya bersetuju dengan kesemua definisi yang terkandung dalam Kamus versi ini. Pengharmonian edisi kedua Kamus Demografi Pelbagai Bahasa adalah suatu proses berterusan. Sila rujuk laman perbincangan untuk komen selanjutnya.

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Penduduk sesebuah negara adalah merupakan warga¹ atau rakyat¹ bagi negara tersebut, yang memiliki hak-hak politik yang tertentu, atau mungkin merupakan warga asing² yang merupakan penduduk dari negara lain, atau penduduk yang tidak mempunyai negara langsung yang dipanggil tiada negara³. Rakyat sesebuah negara umumnya mempunyai kerakyatan⁴ negara tersebut. Istilah ini adalah sinonim dengan kewarganegaraan⁴, tetapi di beberapa negara pelbagai kerakyatan⁶, ia dibezakan antara kerakyatan politik⁴ dan kerakyatan etnik⁵.

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Warga asing mempunyai kerakyatan di negara mereka tinggal melalui proses naturalisasi¹ dan akan menjadi warganegara naturalisasi² bagi orang naturalisasi². In some countries certificates of naturalization³ may be revoked⁴ and naturalized persons will then suffer loss of nationality⁵. Persons may occasionally have more than one nationality, and will then be said to possess dual nationality⁶. A distinction is sometimes drawn between resident aliens⁷, who habitually live in a country other than their own, and alien visitors⁸ or visiting aliens⁸, who are there only for relatively short periods.

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Individuals born in the territory in which they live are called natives¹ of that territory. If their ancestors were among the original inhabitants of that territory, they are called autochthonous², indigenous² or aboriginal² inhabitants; the last term is often reserved for primitive peoples. Statistics frequently distinguish between native-³ and foreign-born⁴ individuals.

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The term race¹ is generally taken to mean a group of persons with certain common physical characteristics which are hereditarily transmitted. In some census practice, the term is sometimes used more loosely, sometimes for a group of people bound together by a common culture or national origin, or even for people inhabiting a given territory. Another term which is sometimes used is ethnic group² and here again there is no uniformity in meaning. Ethnic group generally refers to a group of people with common culture, language, or religious traditions. An ethnic group may be a racial group. A people³ (cf. 305-2) is generally a collection of persons who are linked by a common past or a common culture. Persons living is a given territory who exhibit notable difference from the majority of the population are called minorities⁴, e.g., ethnic minorities⁴, national minorities⁴, linguistic minorities⁴, or religious minorities⁴.

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Individuals are sometimes distinguished by their color¹, which is used loosely to refer to the apparent pigmentation of the skin. In some countries a distinction is drawn between white persons² and colored persons³ sometimes called non-whites³. Mating between persons of different colors is sometimes referred to as miscegenation⁴. A person who is the issue of such a union is said to be of mixed blood⁵ or mixed parentage⁵.